Frost and Heat Combined Stress
The low temperature stresses (frost) can cause damage to wheat crops, particularly during sensitive growth stages such as flowering. Frost stress can lead to reduced grain yield and quality by affecting the development of reproductive organs and impairing physiological processes. The frost stress damage is simulated based on minimum air temperature and crop development stage in the FrostHeatDamageFunction.
Overview
The FrostHeatDamageFunctions function is developed to account for the effects of frost and heat stresses on yield reduction, which runs at the daily step separating with yield estimation. See FrostHeatDamageFunction for detail implementation.
FrostHeatDamageFunction is validated for wheat using field experiments in Australia. See Online ApsimX Repository for the validation configurations and data.