Phenology

The Phenology model in APSIM NG simulates the development of canola plants.

Thermal Time

Daily Thermal Time is based on SubDailyInterpolation with three cardinal temperature and ThreeHourAirTemperature interpolation method.

The daily photoperiod is calculated using the PhotoperiodFunction with 6 degrees twilight.

The numerical system is used to represent the development of wheat plants starting from 1. The stages are:

Stage	Name	Description
1	Sowing	Seeds are planted in the soil
2	Germination	Seeds absorb water and begin to sprout
3	Emergence	Seedlings break through the soil surface
4	FloralInitiation	Floral organs begin to form in the shoot apex
5	GreenBud	Green buds become visible
6	StartFlowering	First flowers open
7	StartPodDevelopment	Pods begin to form after flowering
8	StartGrainFilling	Seeds begin to accumulate dry matter (grain filling starts)
9	EndFlowering	Flowering is complete
10	EndPodDevelopment	Pod development is complete
11	EndGrainFill	Grain filling is complete; seeds reach final size
12	Maturity	Seeds reach physiological maturity
13	HarvestRipe	Seeds are fully ripened and ready for harvest

Phases are used to represent the development between two stages. The phases are:

Order	Name	From	To
1	Germinating	Sowing	Germination
2	Emerging	Germination	Emergence
3	Vegetative	Emergence	FloralInitiation
4	BudDevelopment	FloralInitiation	GreenBud
5	StemElongation	GreenBud	StartFlowering
6	EarlyFlowering	StartFlowering	StartPodDevelopment
7	EarlyPodDevelopment	StartPodDevelopment	StartGrainFilling
8	EarlyGrainFilling	StartGrainFilling	EndFlowering
9	MidGrainFilling	EndFlowering	EndPodDevelopment
10	LateGrainFilling	EndPodDevelopment	EndGrainFill
11	Maturing	EndGrainFill	Maturity
12	Ripening	Maturity	HarvestRipe
13	ReadyForHarvesting	HarvestRipe